Click here for a Workbook to go along with this lesson. Jump to: Vocabulary To know (how to): ~ㄹ/을 줄 알다 Vocabulary Nouns: Common Usages: Examples: 사람들이 나무뿌리를 다 파내서 여기 있는 게 풀뿐이야 나는 멀리서 기린 네 마리가 천천히 풀을 먹고 있는 것을 봤다. 기린은 내가 사진에서 본 것처럼 목이 매우 길었다. 내 목과 비교해 보면 열 배는 더 긴 것 같았다. 단식 = a singles match (in sports) Examples: 단식경기인지 복기경기인지에 따라 전략을 다르게 짜야 해요 주거 = place of living, dwelling, residence Common Usages: Examples: 집을 구할 때 꼭 주변 주거 환경을 잘 살펴보고 구해야 안전해요 야심 =
ambitions, aspirations Common Usages: Examples: 새로운 신제품을 야심차게 출시했지만 생각보다 반응이 좋지 않았어요 각도 = angle Common Usages: Examples: 이 작품은 현대 사람들의 복잡한 심경을 다각도로 조명해
표현했습니다 수납 = storage Common Usages: Examples: 이사를 갈 때 중요하게 보는 것 중 하나가 수납공간이 충분한가예요 수납장 = closet Examples: 수납장이 많아서 정리가 되고 집이 더 넓어 보여요 이번 새집은 곳곳에 수납장이 있어서 정리정돈할때 유용해요 청년 = young people Common Usages: Examples: 오늘은 청년부 예배가 있을 거라 집에 가자마자 교회로 가야 해요 징역 = prison Common Usages: Examples: 법을 어기면 벌금을 내야 되거나 징역선고를 받을 수도 있다 그 청년이 야심이 많은 줄 알았는데 어떻게 5 년 동안
징역을 살았어요? 실권 = power Common Usages: Examples: 새로 뽑힌 국회의원은 내일부터 실권을 행사할 수 있어요 겉보기 = outward appearance Notes: 겉보기 appears in a lot of physics terms as the word apparent. For example, 겉보기 깊이 refers to apparent depth, and is used to refer to the idea that water sometimes looks shallower than it actually is because of refraction. Common Usages: Examples: 그 사람은 겉보기에는 어리숙해 보이지만 일할 때마다 매우 부지런해요 Verbs: Common Usages: Examples: 저는 주기적으로 오래된 나무를 베고 어린 나무를 다시 심어요 데우다 = to heat up Common Usages: Examples: 음식을 데울 때 가장 편리한 방법을 전자레인지를 쓰는 거예요 욕하다 = to swear, to insult The noun form of this word (욕) translates to “swearing” or “an insult.” Examples: 여자 친구에게 과하게 욕을
해서 분명히 헤어질 줄 알았어요 단식하다 = to fast Common Usages: Examples: 간헐적 단식은 일정시간 동안 공복을 두고 식사를 하는 것을 말해요 남모르다 = for something to be secret or unknown to people Common Usages: Examples: 우리에게 남모르는 비밀을 말할 줄 알았어요 베이다 = to be cut Examples: 면도를 하다가 살을 심하게 베어서 피가 많이 났어요 풀숲을 걸을 때 긴 바지를 입지 않으면 나무에 살이 베일 수도 있어요 Adjectives: Common Usages: Examples: 새로 산 옷의 노출이 너무 과해서 출근할 때 입을 수 없을 것 같아서 반품했어요 분명하다 = to be clear, to be for definite Examples: 엄마가 오늘이 제가 여름 방학 후 첫 등교일인 것을 까먹은 게 분명해요 그 사람이 저를 대하는 태도를 생각해 보면 저를 좋아하는 게 분명해요 미지근하다 = to be lukewarm Examples: 미지근한 물을 마시는 것이 찬물을 마시는 것보다 몸에 훨씬 좋아요 Adverbs and Other
Words: Examples: 아마 친구가 그 소식을 듣고 충격을 받아서 집에 간 것 같아요 한층 = much more Common Usages: Examples: 그 배우는 일년 간의 공백 기간 후 한층 성숙한 모습으로 돌아왔어요 남몰래 = secretly Examples: 아이가 처음으로 어린이집에 다니기 시작했을 때 남몰래 많이 울었어요 온종일 = all day Examples: 온종일 청소를 하다 보니 하루가 다 갔어요 For help memorizing these words, try using our Memrise tool. Introduction In this lesson, you will learn two grammatical principles that can are commonly used with the verb 알다 (to know). First, you will learn about ~ㄹ/을 줄 알다, and second you will learn about ~다시피. Let’s get started. To know (how to): ~ㄹ/을 줄 알다 By placing ~ㄹ/을 줄 알다 after a verb, you can indicate that one “knows how” to do that action. For example: 각도를 잴 줄 알아요 = I know how to measure the angle It is common to use this type of sentence as a question to ask if one “knows how” to do an action. For example: 각도를 잴 줄 알아요? = Do you know how to measure the angle? “줄” is one of these special nouns like “수” in ~ㄹ/을 수 있다 and “적” in ~ㄴ/은 적이 있다 that can only be described by something in the ~는 것 form. You can also use the word “모르다” (to not know) instead of “알다” to state that one “does not know how” to do an action. For example: 각도를 잴 줄 몰라요 = I don’t know how to measure the angle It is also possible to use “모르다” to create a question. For example: 각도를 잴 줄 몰라요? = You don’t know how to measure the angle ———————————— There is another meaning that can be created by describing 줄. When creating this meaning, it is possible for the word describing 줄 to be in the past, present, or future tense. When used this way, the speaker is stating that that he/she just realized something is not true – but because of some lapse in judgment, originally thought that it was true. It is hard to describe with words, so I will describe an example from my real life. One day, I went to buy some 김밥 worth 2,000 won. When I paid the lady, she gave me a weird look. She looked at me and said something like “aren’t you going to give me more money?” After a minute of confusion, she looked down and said: 아~ 미안해요~ 천원만 준 줄 알았어요 = Oh, sorry, I thought you only gave me 1,000 won Another example would be if I was talking to somebody in my school using the low respect form of speech. Afterwards, I realize that the person that I am speaking to is not a student but is actually a teacher (which could actually happen in Korea because some people look really young). In this scenario, I could say: 미안해요~ 학생인 줄 알았어요 = Sorry, I thought you were a student Notice that the English translation for the sentence above could be the same as a quoted sentence using 생각하다. For example: 학생이라고 생각했어요 = I thought you were a student In order for you to understand the purpose of “줄,” let’s talk about the difference between: 학생인 줄 알았어요 = I thought you were a student The difference between the two is that ~ㄹ/을 줄 알다 implies that there was a lapse in judgment that caused the speaker to make a mistake. Whereas “~ㄴ/다고” just expresses that the speaker thought something. For example: 그녀가 예쁘다고 생각했어요 = I thought she was pretty 그녀가 예쁜 줄 알았어요 = (Oh,) I thought she was
pretty Depending on when the action that was mistaken occurs, it is possible to describe “줄” in the past, present or future tense. For example: 아빠가 저에게 돈을 준 줄 알았어요 = I thought that dad gave me money 아빠가 저에게 돈을 주는 줄 알았어요 = I thought that dad is/was giving me money 아빠가 저에게 돈을 줄 줄 알았어요 = I thought that dad will give me money Below are many examples where 줄 is being described in the past tense: 저한테 욕한 줄 알았어요 = I thought you swore at me Below are many examples where 줄 is being described in the present tense: 그 사람들이 온종일 단식하는 줄 알았어요 그 선수가 단식 테니스만 잘하는 줄 알았어요 캐나다에서 영국 왕비가 실권을 쥐는 줄 알았어요 그 선물을 겉보기로만 봐서 나쁜 선물인 줄 알았어요 그 청년이 야심이 많은 줄 알았는데 어떻게 5년 동안 징역을 살았어요? The English translations of the verb seem to be more natural when translated into the past tense. However, in the above examples, realize that 줄 is being described by something in the present tense. Below are many examples where 줄 is being described in the future tense: 내가 죽을 줄 알았어 = I thought I was going to die 민지가 미국 대학교에 갈 줄 알았어 우리에게 남모르는 비밀을 말할 줄 알았어요 여자 친구에게 과하게 욕을 해서 분명히 헤어질 줄
알았어요 저번 훈련을 통해 그 선수의 실력이 한층 더 좋아질 줄 알았어요 The speaker can use 모르다 in place of 알다 to indicate that something is true – but because of some lapse in judgment, he/she originally thought that it wasn’t true. For example, look at the difference between using 모르다 and 알다 in the following examples: 그녀가 예쁜 줄 알았어요 = I thought she was pretty 그녀가 예쁜 줄 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know she was pretty Other examples: 거기가 비싼 줄 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know it was expensive there 그 핸드폰이 좋은 줄 몰랐어요 = I didn’t know that cell-phone was good 네가 가고 싶지 않다고 한 줄 몰랐어 = I didn’t know you said you didn’t wanted to go This is a confusing example, but it could still be used. Originally you didn’t know that he/she said she didn’t want to go – but now you realize that she said she didn’t want to go]) Referring to a Listener’s Perception: ~다시피 ~다시피 can be used to refer to a listener’s perceptions. Technically the thing that connects to the word is “~다시피.” The “다” is not part of the stem of the word, but actually part of the grammatical principle itself. ~다시피 is most commonly added to 알다 to refer to what the listener knows. For example: 너도 알다시피… = As you know… As you can see, ~도 is commonly added to the person. In addition to the speaker, the listener “also” knows. In times when the listener deserves a high amount of respect, it is common to also include the formal ~(으)시, which you learned in Lesson 39. For example: 선생님도 아시다시피… = As you (teacher) know… ~다시피 is often added to 보다 to refer to what the listener sees. For example: 너도 보다시피… = As you (can) see… You can use these constructions to refer to what the listener knows or is looking at in sentences. For example: 부장님도 아시다시피 저는 내일 출장을 가야 돼요 너도 알다시피 나는 돈이 없어서 그것을 못 사 너도 보다시피 우리 집 상황이 매우 안 좋아 선생님도 보시다시피 제 가방에 아무것도 없어요 That’s it for this lesson! Click here for a
Workbook to go along with this lesson. Okay, I got it! Take me to the next lesson! |