A Merkle tree is a hash tree with each non-leaf node marked with the cryptographic hash of the label of its child nodes and each leaf node marked with the cryptographic hash of a block of data. The majority of hash tree implementations are binary, which means that each node has at least two child nodes but can have many more. Show Why Merkle trees?
What is the Merkle root?
How Merkle trees work
Take a look at a Merkle tree in blockchain as an example to better grasp the idea. Consider the case
below: Four transactions are done on the same block: A, B, C, and D. After that, each transaction is hashed, giving you: Hash A, Hash B, Hash C, and Hash D When these hashes are combined, they form a new hash: Hash AB and Hash CD As a result, the Merkle root is made up of combining these two hashes: Hash ABCD A Merkle tree is far more complex in reality (especially when each transaction ID is sixty-four bits long). Nonetheless, this example provides an excellent understanding of how algorithms perform and why they are so efficient and effective. Benefits of Merkle treesMerkle trees have four main benefits:
Why is the Merkle tree so important in blockchain?Consider a blockchain without Merkle trees to see how important they are to the system. Let’s start with an example of the Bitcoin blockchain because it makes use of Merkle trees, which makes it easier to understand.
Merkle trees are an answer to this problem. They separate the evidence of data from the data itself by hashing records in accounting.
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